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Six new andrographolide metabolites in rats
Xiangjiu He1, Jiankuan Li, Hao Gao
1Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, P.R. China.
Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
|May 9, 2003
Summary
Six new andrographolide metabolites were identified in rat samples. Three novel sulfate ester compounds were among these, expanding our understanding of andrographolide metabolism.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Natural Products Chemistry
- Metabolomics
Background:
- Andrographolide is a bioactive compound from Andrographis paniculata.
- Understanding its metabolic fate is crucial for drug development.
- Previous studies have identified some andrographolide metabolites.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize new andrographolide metabolites from rat biological matrices.
- To elucidate the structures of these novel compounds.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of metabolites from rat urine, feces, and small intestinal contents.
- Structure elucidation using chemical evidence and spectroscopic analysis (e.g., NMR, MS).
Main Results:
- Six new andrographolide metabolites, designated M-5 to M-10, were identified.
- Three of these metabolites (M-5 to M-7) were characterized as novel sulfate ester compounds.
- The specific structures determined include 14-deoxy-12(R)-sulfo andrographolide 3-sulfate (M-5), 14-deoxy-12(S)-sulfo andrographolide 3-sulfate (M-6), 14-sulfo isoandrographolide 3-sulfate (M-7), 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (M-8), isoandrographolide (M-9), and 14-deoxy andrographolide (M-10).
Conclusions:
- This study significantly expands the known metabolic profile of andrographolide in rats.
- The identification of novel sulfate conjugates provides insights into the detoxification and excretion pathways of andrographolide.