Maternal low birth weight and gestational hyperglycemia

We aimed to investigate whether birth weight could predict the subsequent risk of gestational diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. Consecutive women with a singleton pregnancy and gestational diabetes (n = 50), impaired glucose tolerance (n = 50) and normoglycemia (n = 200) were included in the study. Birth data were collected from original hospital records of the women. Women with gestational hyperglycemia were significantly older and heavier than those with normoglycemia. Maternal birth weights significantly declined for each class of glucose tolerance (3389 +/- 644; 3184 +/- 583 and 3077 +/- 661, respectively for women with normoglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes). After adjustment for age, gestational age and weight gain, maternal diabetes, and pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal birth weight was negatively related to impaired glucose tolerance (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.81-0.97) and to gestational diabetes (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.74-0.91) in a multiple logistic regression model. These findings suggest that women with low birth weight constitute a group at increased risk for both gestational impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes.