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Related Experiment Videos

Hemispheric dissociation in access to the human semantic system.

Guillaume Thierry1, Anne Lise Giraud, Cathy Price

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor, United Kingdom. g.thierry@bangor.ac.uk

Neuron
|May 14, 2003
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals distinct brain hemisphere processing for spoken words versus environmental sounds. Semantic analysis shows a left-hemisphere advantage for words and a right-hemisphere advantage for sounds.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Hemispheric lateralization suggests differential processing of auditory stimuli.
  • Previous research indicates distinct neural pathways for speech and non-speech sounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural correlates of semantic processing for spoken words versus environmental sounds.
  • To determine if hemispheric specialization differs between verbal and nonverbal auditory semantic tasks.
  • To test the dual access route hypothesis for auditory processing.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity in healthy subjects.
  • Participants performed semantic processing tasks on spoken words and environmental sounds.

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  • Low-level perceptual differences between stimuli were controlled.

    • Main Results:

    • Semantic processing of spoken words activated left anterior and posterior superior temporal regions.
    • Semantic processing of environmental sounds activated a right posterior superior temporal region.
    • This hemispheric dissociation persisted across different attentional and working memory conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • A left-hemisphere specialization for verbal semantic processing and a right-hemisphere specialization for nonverbal auditory semantic processing is supported.
    • Evidence suggests a dual access route model for processing verbal and nonverbal auditory information.
    • Hemispheric lateralization in auditory semantic processing is robust and task-specific.