RS3PE syndrome: a clinical and immunogenetical study

This study analyses the clinical, radiological, evolutive, and immunogenetical characteristics of a series of patients diagnosed with remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) syndrome. Reviewed were the clinical charts and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) profiles of all patients treated at a single teaching hospital fulfilling the features of this syndrome according to the definition of McCarty. Twelve cases were detected in ten men and two women aged from 62 to 85 years. Rheumatoid factor was negative in all cases, and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were positive in two. All patients achieved complete resolution of their condition within 1 year with glucocorticoid (GC) use. Two relapsed after remission but responded again to low doses of GC. Four patients showed clinical and electrodiagnostic studies consistent with carpal tunnel syndrome. No specific HLA association could be found in this report. To date, none of these patients has developed definite rheumatic diseases, infections, or malignant diseases. Although the real nature of the syndrome is still a matter of debate, at least in our context, RS3PE remains a definite condition with an excellent prognosis.