Stress analysis in a post-restored tooth utilizing the finite element method

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Mechanical Engineering
• Dental Materials

Background:

• Endodontically treated teeth require restoration with posts and cores to regain function.
• The choice of post and core materials can influence stress distribution and tooth survival.

Purpose of the Study:

• To predict stress distribution in the dentin of endodontically treated teeth restored with cast post and cores using the finite element method (FEM).
• To compare stress patterns resulting from different post-material and crown-material combinations.

Main Methods:

• An axisymmetric finite element model of a maxillary second pre-molar with alveolar bone was created.
• Three models were analyzed, varying post and crown materials: Ti-Ti alloy, NiCr-AuPd alloy, and Ti-NiCr alloy with porcelain.
• A 200 N load at 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis was applied to the occlusal margin.

Main Results:

• Stress distributions were investigated in five critical regions: bottom of post, top of post, collar, metal-cement interface, and metal-porcelain interface.
• Radial and axial stress distributions were plotted against radial length.
• Specific material combinations showed distinct stress concentration patterns.

Conclusions:

• The finite element method is a viable tool for analyzing stress distribution in restored teeth.
• Material selection for posts and cores significantly affects stress distribution within the dentin.
• Understanding these stress patterns can guide the selection of materials to improve the long-term success of endodontically treated teeth.