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Dantrolene in porcine malignant hyperthermia
Anesthesiology
|June 1, 1976
Summary
Dantrolene effectively prevents and treats malignant hyperthermia (MH) in susceptible swine. Intravenous dantrolene reversed fulminant MH, while supportive care alone failed to alter the condition.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Veterinary Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a life-threatening pharmacogenetic disorder triggered by volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine.
- Genetic susceptibility to MH necessitates effective preventative and therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the efficacy of intravenous dantrolene in preventing and treating fulminant malignant hyperthermia (MH) in genetically susceptible swine.
- To compare the effects of dantrolene with supportive care alone in established MH cases.
Main Methods:
- Genetically susceptible swine were administered halothane and succinylcholine (SCh) to induce MH.
- Dantrolene was administered intravenously at various doses for prevention, or at 7.5 mg/kg for treatment of fulminant MH.
- Control groups received only supportive therapy (anesthesia discontinuation, oxygen, cooling, NaHCO3).
Main Results:
- Prior dantrolene administration at 5 mg/kg or higher prevented MH; lower doses attenuated it.
- Supportive therapy alone did not alter the course of fulminant MH, with continued increases in temperature, lactate, and catecholamines.
- Dantrolene (7.5 mg/kg) added to supportive therapy reversed key indicators of MH, including temperature, oxygen consumption, lactate, and catecholamines.
Conclusions:
- Intravenous dantrolene is effective in preventing and treating malignant hyperthermia in susceptible swine.
- Dantrolene administration significantly reverses the hypermetabolic state associated with fulminant MH, offering a critical therapeutic intervention.