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Oxygen deficiency affects carbohydrate reserves in overwintering forage crops.

Annick Bertrand¹, Yves Castonguay, Paul Nadeau

¹Soils and Crops Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2560 Hochelaga Blvd., Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 2J3. bertranda@agr.gc.ca

Journal of Experimental Botany

|May 20, 2003

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Timothy grass exhibits higher carbohydrate reserves under low oxygen conditions, enhancing its winter survival and spring regrowth compared to other forage crops. This study investigated carbohydrate responses to oxygen deficiency in perennial crops.

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Plant Physiology
Biochemistry

Background:

Anaerobic conditions under ice cover impact perennial crop survival and regrowth.
Oxygen deficiency is a critical stress factor for overwintering forage crops.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare carbohydrate concentrations in four perennial forage species under prolonged low oxygen and low temperature.
To identify physiological traits contributing to oxygen deficiency resistance in crops.

Main Methods:

Four perennial forage species (lucerne, red clover, timothy, cocksfoot) were subjected to simulated overwintering with progressively developing oxygen deficiency.
Non-structural carbohydrate concentrations and gene expression (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) were measured.

Main Results:

Timothy (Phleum pratense L.) maintained higher non-structural carbohydrate concentrations under low oxygen compared to lucerne, red clover, and cocksfoot.
In timothy, sucrose, fructose, glucose, and fructans increased, while soluble sugars decreased in sensitive species.
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression increased in sensitive lucerne but not in resistant timothy.

Conclusions:

Timothy's ability to maintain higher carbohydrate reserves under oxygen deficiency is a key factor for its superior winter survival and spring regrowth.
Differential carbohydrate metabolism and gene expression responses distinguish oxygen deficiency-resistant from sensitive forage species.