Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

292
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
292
Tonicity in Animals00:59

Tonicity in Animals

123.6K
The tonicity of a solution determines if a cell gains or loses water in that solution. The tonicity depends on the permeability of the cell membrane for different solutes and the concentration of nonpenetrating solutes in the solution within and outside of the cell. If a semipermeable membrane hinders the passage of some solutes but allows water to follow its concentration gradient, water moves from the side with low osmolarity (i.e., less solute) to the side with higher osmolarity (i.e.,...
123.6K
Tonicity in Animals01:16

Tonicity in Animals

5.2K
Tonicity describes the amount of solute in a solution. The measure of the tonicity of a solution, or the total amount of solutes dissolved in a specific amount of solution, is called its osmolarity. Three terms—hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic—are used to relate the osmolarity of a cell to the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid that contains the cells. In a hypotonic solution, such as tap water, the extracellular fluid has a lower concentration of solutes than the fluid inside...
5.2K
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

9.2K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
9.2K
Testes: Histology01:27

Testes: Histology

2.9K
A tough, fibrous membrane, the tunica albuginea, covers the testes, extending inward to form fibrous partitions or septa, dividing them into internal compartments called lobules. Each lobule has 1 to 3 tightly coiled seminiferous tubules where sperm production occurs. These tubules merge into a tubular network at the back of the testis, known as the rete testis. It connects to 15 to 20 efferent ductules, leading to the epididymis.
The spermatogenic cells, responsible for producing sperm, are...
2.9K
Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

6.2K
A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
6.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bone mineral density in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: a longitudinal study.

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society·2025
Same author

FDA-approved drug screening in patient-derived organoids demonstrates potential of drug repurposing for rare cystic fibrosis genotypes.

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society·2023
Same author

Targeted locus amplification reveals heterogeneity between and within CFTR genotypes and association with CFTR function in patient-derived intestinal organoids.

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society·2023
Same author

Forskolin induced swelling (FIS) assay in intestinal organoids to guide eligibility for compassionate use treatment in a CF patient with a rare genotype.

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society·2022
Same author

Functional Restoration of CFTR Nonsense Mutations in Intestinal Organoids.

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society·2021
Same author

Females with cystic fibrosis have a larger decrease in sweat chloride in response to lumacaftor/ivacaftor compared to males.

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society·2020
Same journal

Beyond the 5th percentile: rethinking diagnostic thresholds in pulmonary function testing.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same journal

A Transcriptomic Atlas of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same journal

Risk of cancer and mortality in patients with interstitial lung diseases: Danish cohort study.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same journal

Proposing a minimal important difference in NTproBNP in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same journal

Unlocking growth potential: Ivacaftor therapy and developmental gains in lung and height in a cohort study of children and young adults with cystic fibrosis.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same journal

Decoding the Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) Niche Microenvironment <i>via</i> Integrative Analysis of Single Cell Multiomics and Spatial Transcriptomics.

The European respiratory journal·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
09:00

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

1.2K

Spirometry in young children: should computer-animation programs be used during testing?

V Gracchi1, M Boel, J van der Laag

  • 1Dept of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

The European Respiratory Journal
|May 27, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computer animation programs may hinder accurate lung function tests for children. While incentives improve some measures, these programs can decrease reproducibility and performance in maximal expiratory flow/volume (MEFV) curves.

More Related Videos

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

17.2K
Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
09:03

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

Published on: March 27, 2012

46.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
09:00

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

1.2K
Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

17.2K
Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
09:03

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

Published on: March 27, 2012

46.5K

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Medical Informatics

Background:

  • Maximal expiratory flow/volume (MEFV) curves are crucial for assessing pediatric lung function.
  • Computer-animation programs are increasingly used as incentives for pediatric pulmonary function testing.
  • The impact of these digital tools on the quality of MEFV maneuvers requires thorough investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reproducibility and maximal performance of MEFV maneuvers in children aged 4-8 years.
  • To compare the effectiveness of two computer-animation programs ('candles' and 'balloon') as incentives.
  • To determine if these programs enhance or detract from test quality.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty-eight children (4-8 years) were randomized to 'candles' or 'balloon' programs.
  • Children performed MEFV maneuvers with and without animation incentives, in random order.
  • Reproducibility and performance metrics (FVC, FEV1, PEF) were assessed against international criteria.

Main Results:

  • Computer animation programs led to a lower proportion of children meeting FVC and FEV1 reproducibility criteria.
  • Incentives improved peak expiratory flow (PEF) reproducibility and performance.
  • Forced vital capacity (FVC) performance significantly decreased in 6-8-year-olds using animation programs.

Conclusions:

  • While animation programs can be engaging, their routine use during MEFV testing is not recommended due to potential negative effects on maneuver quality.
  • Short pre-test training with animation programs might be beneficial.
  • Experienced technicians are crucial for optimizing pediatric pulmonary function test results.