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Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

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Optically active polyelectrolyte multilayers as membranes for chiral separations.

Hassan H Rmaile¹, Joseph B Schlenoff

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Materials Research and Technology (MARTECH), The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|May 29, 2003

Summary

Ultrathin chiral polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs) show high flux and selectivity for separating optical isomers like ascorbic acid. Selectivity is driven by differing enantiomer diffusion rates, not partitioning, and can be tuned by salt concentration.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Separation Science
Chiral Chemistry

Background:

Chiral compounds require selective separation methods for pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
Developing efficient and tunable membranes for enantioselective separations is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the enantioselective separation capabilities of ultrathin chiral polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs).
To understand the mechanism controlling flux and selectivity in these PEMUs.
To explore the influence of salt concentration on separation performance.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of ultrathin chiral polyelectrolyte complex films via multilayering.
Membrane separation experiments using optically active compounds (l- and d-ascorbic acid).
In-situ Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
Chiral Capillary Electrochromatography (CEC).

Main Results:

PEMUs demonstrated high flux and selectivity in separating enantiomers of ascorbic acid.
Flux was found to be controllable by varying the salt concentration in the permeating solutions.
Kinetic control, specifically different diffusion rates of enantiomers, was identified as the primary mechanism for selectivity, overriding partitioning effects.

Conclusions:

Ultrathin chiral PEMUs are effective for enantioselective membrane separations.
The separation mechanism is kinetically controlled, offering a tunable approach for chiral separations.
Salt concentration is a key parameter for optimizing flux and selectivity in PEMU-based membranes.