Experimental studies of surface plasmon polariton band gap effect

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) propagation at a gold film surface covered by periodic arrays of approximately 40-nm-high scatterers arranged in a triangular lattice of different periods containing straight line defects is studied using collection scanning near-field optical microscopy. The results reveal the dependence of the SPP band gap (SPPBG) effect manifested via the SPP reflection and guiding (along line defects) on the parameters of the surface structures (period, filling factor and lattice orientation). We find that the SPPBG effect is stronger along GammaK direction for all investigated periodic structures. Our results demonstrate that the SPPBG effect becomes less pronounced with a decrease of the filling factor and disappears for a filling factor close to 0.2. We also observe that the centre of the SPPBG shifts towards longer wavelengths with an increase of the lattice period.