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Related Experiment Videos

Continuous passive motion following total knee arthroplasty.

S Milne1, L Brosseau, V Robinson

  • 1School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1H 8M5. lbrosseau@uottawa.ca

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|June 14, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Continuous passive motion (CPM) combined with physiotherapy significantly improves active knee flexion and reduces hospital stay after knee arthroplasty (KA). This meta-analysis suggests CPM offers short-term rehabilitation benefits post-KA.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Evidence-Based Practice

Background:

  • Knee arthroplasty (KA) is a common procedure for osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  • Continuous passive motion (CPM) is frequently used in post-KA rehabilitation, but protocols vary.
  • Standardized evaluation of CPM effectiveness is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of continuous passive motion (CPM) following total knee arthroplasty (KA).
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials on CPM's role in knee arthroplasty rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic electronic search of multiple databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, etc.) from inception to 2002.
  • Inclusion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing CPM plus physiotherapy (PT) versus PT alone in adult patients post-KA.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Extraction of data on range of motion (ROM), hospital stay, pain, swelling, and quadriceps strength; analysis using fixed and random effects models.

    • Main Results:

    • Fourteen trials were analyzed, comparing CPM + PT versus PT alone.
    • CPM + PT significantly increased active knee flexion (WMD 4.30 degrees) and decreased hospital stay (WMD -0.69 days).
    • CPM reduced the need for post-operative manipulation (RR 0.12) but did not significantly improve passive ROM or active/passive extension.

    Conclusions:

    • Continuous passive motion (CPM) combined with physiotherapy may provide short-term benefits in knee arthroplasty (KA) rehabilitation.
    • CPM appears effective in improving active knee flexion and reducing hospital length of stay post-KA.
    • Further research may clarify optimal CPM protocols and long-term outcomes.