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Related Experiment Videos

Spatial vs. object specific attention in high-order visual areas.

Galia Avidan1, Ifat Levy, Talma Hendler

  • 1The Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.

Neuroimage
|June 20, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Visual cortex organization extends to high-order areas. Object-based attention, not spatial attention, drives visual cortex modulation, suggesting built-in selectivity for object recognition.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Topographic organization of visual field eccentricity exists in human visual cortex, extending to ventral occipitotemporal (VOT) cortex.
  • Face and building preferential regions in VOT cortex show eccentricity biases, potentially linked to recognition process needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent to which center/periphery differentiation in high-order occipitotemporal cortex depends on immediate task demands.
  • To combine the investigation of spatial attention and object-based attention mechanisms within the same study.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study brain activity.
  • Participants were presented with different object categories (faces, buildings, arrows) and cued to attend to either specific object types or spatial locations.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Object-based attention significantly modulated object-related activations in occipitotemporal cortex.
  • Differential activation for object categories persisted even when attention shifted spatially, though at a reduced level.
  • Eccentricity-related attentional differentiation was minimal in VOT cortex but present in dorsal lateral occipital regions.

Conclusions:

  • The primary driver of attentional modulation in occipitotemporal cortex is object-based attention.
  • Eccentricity differentiation in VOT cortex is unlikely to stem solely from moment-to-moment spatial attention shifts.
  • Findings support the idea that eccentricity-biased maps in VOT cortex arise from inherent, long-term shape selectivity.