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Proteins of the cornified envelope.

K Hosokawa¹, H Hosokawa, S Futamura

¹Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.

The Journal of Dermatology

|November 1, 1992

Summary

Researchers developed monoclonal antibodies to study the cornified envelope in keratinocytes. An antibody targeting hemidesmosomes revealed a potential antigen link between basal cells and the cornified envelope.

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Dermatology
Immunology

Background:

The cornified envelope is a crucial insoluble structure in keratinocytes, essential for skin barrier function.
Its formation involves cross-linking precursor proteins by membrane-associated transglutaminase.

Purpose of the Study:

To generate and characterize monoclonal antibodies against components of the cornified envelope and epidermal basal cells.
To investigate the relationship between basal cell structures and the cornified envelope.

Main Methods:

Immunization of mice with cultured human keratinocyte cornified envelopes.
Screening of monoclonal antibodies for specific staining patterns in epidermis.
Western blot analysis to confirm antibody targets.
Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy to localize antigens.

Main Results:

Monoclonal antibodies identified peripheral staining patterns associated with cornified envelope precursors.
A novel monoclonal antibody against epidermal basal cell hemidesmosomes was discovered.
Immunofluorescence showed linear basement membrane staining and polar caps on basal cells.
Immunoelectron microscopy localized immunoreactants to hemidesmosome attachment plaques, but no reactive protein was detected.

Conclusions:

The study suggests an antigen associated with basal cell hemidesmosomes may be incorporated into the cornified envelope.
This finding provides new insights into the structural composition and formation of the epidermal barrier.

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