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Antibiotic prescriptions in children.

D Resi¹, M Milandri, M L Moro

¹Agenzia Sanitaria Regionale Emilia Romagna, Area Rischio Infettivo, Viale Aldo Moro 21, 40127 Bologna, Italy. dresi@asr.regione.emilia-romagna.it

The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

|July 17, 2003

Summary

Antibiotic prescriptions for children in Northern Italy are high, with over half receiving antibiotics annually. This extensive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in pediatric populations may drive antibiotic resistance, necessitating interventions to reduce consumption.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric pharmacology
Public health surveillance
Antimicrobial stewardship

Background:

Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern.
Understanding regional antibiotic prescribing patterns is crucial for targeted interventions.
Paediatric populations are significant consumers of antibiotics.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate antibiotic prescription rates in children aged 1-14 years in Emilia Romagna, Northern Italy.
To analyze antibiotic usage patterns based on age and antibiotic class.
To compare Italian paediatric antibiotic consumption with international data.

Main Methods:

Utilized the regional Prescription Database for drug reimbursements.
Calculated antibiotic use as the proportion of children with at least one prescription annually.

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Defined a single treatment course as prescriptions within a 12-day period.

Main Results:

52.9% of children (1-14 years) received at least one antibiotic prescription in 2000.
Antibiotic use decreased with age, from 70.4% in 1-2 year olds to 35.8% in older children.
Broad-spectrum antibiotics, including cephalosporins and macrolides, were predominantly prescribed.

Conclusions:

Paediatric antibiotic prescription rates can be accurately determined from regional databases.
Antibiotic usage in the Emilia Romagna paediatric population is high, similar to other Northern Italian regions.
Extensive antibiotic overuse in Italy, particularly in children, is suggested, potentially increasing antibiotic resistance.