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Quantum computing in the solid state: the challenge of decoherence.

A J Fisher1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|July 19, 2003
PubMed
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Solid-state quantum computing shows progress in qubit coherence but struggles with multi-qubit coupling. A new fluctuation-dissipation theorem generalization relates qubit entanglement to decoherence, aiding gate performance optimization.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Quantum Computing Hardware

Background:

  • Solid-state quantum computing architectures are under active development.
  • Demonstrating coherent quantum bit (qubit) motion is a recent advancement.
  • Controlled coupling of multiple qubits remains a significant hurdle in solid-state implementations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of solid-state quantum computing.
  • To introduce a generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem.
  • To establish a relationship between two-qubit gate operations and decoherence.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing solid-state quantum computing proposals and experimental progress.
  • Theoretical generalization of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Derivation of a relationship linking coherent qubit evolution and irreducible decoherence.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified challenges in achieving controlled coupling of multiple qubits in solid-state systems.
    • Presented a novel fluctuation-dissipation theorem applicable to entangling spatially separated qubits.
    • Established a direct link between the fidelity of two-qubit gates and system decoherence.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed theoretical framework provides a method to bound the performance of two-qubit gates.
    • Understanding the relationship between coherence and decoherence is crucial for advancing solid-state quantum computing.
    • This work offers insights for optimizing quantum gate designs and improving overall quantum processor performance.