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Changes in function and disability after resistance training: does velocity matter?: a pilot study.

Stephen P Sayers1, Jonathan Bean, Anthony Cuoco

  • 1Human Physilogy Laboratory, Department of Health Science, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
|July 23, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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High- and low-velocity resistance training yielded similar modest improvements in functional performance and disability for older women. Further strategies may be needed to enhance these outcomes beyond strength and power gains.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Physically limited older adults often experience functional decline and disability.
  • Resistance training is a common intervention to improve health outcomes in this population.
  • The optimal velocity of resistance training for functional gains remains an area of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of high-velocity versus low-velocity resistance training.
  • To evaluate the impact on functional performance and disability in older women.

Main Methods:

  • 30 physically limited older women participated in a 16-week study.
  • Intervention groups: high-velocity resistance training vs. low-velocity resistance training (knee extension, leg press).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Outcome measures included dynamic balance, stair-climb, chair-rise, gait velocity, and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form.

    • Main Results:

    • Both training velocities resulted in significant improvements in dynamic balance (8%) and stair-climb time (10%).
    • Self-reported disability, physical functioning, role physical, and mental health showed modest improvements (11%, 9%, and 5%, respectively).
    • No significant differences were observed between the high- and low-velocity training groups.

    Conclusions:

    • High- and low-velocity resistance training demonstrate comparable efficacy in improving functional performance and reducing disability in older women.
    • Observed improvements were modest, suggesting that strength and power gains alone may not fully translate to functional benefits.
    • Optimizing functional outcomes may require tailored training modes or supplementary behavioral strategies.