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Related Experiment Videos

Oscillations, clocks and segmentation.

Yasumasa Bessho1, Ryoichiro Kageyama

  • 1Institute for Virus Research Kyoto University Shogoin-Kawahara, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|July 31, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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The Hes1 gene drives a biological clock essential for development, acting as a molecular timer in various cell types. This segmentation clock mechanism ensures proper timing for biological processes like somite formation.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • The segmentation clock, driven by periodically expressed Notch signalling molecules like Hes1 and Hes7, is crucial for embryonic development.
  • Cyclic gene expression in the presomitic mesoderm is linked to somite formation, occurring every two hours in mice.
  • Oscillatory Hes1 expression is observed beyond embryonic development, appearing in various cell types after serum stimulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Hes1 in biological timing mechanisms.
  • To understand the widespread nature of the Hes1 ultradian clock.
  • To elucidate the regulatory network underlying Hes1 oscillations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Hes1 and Hes7 gene expression patterns.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigating the negative feedback loop mechanism controlling Hes1 oscillations.
  • Studying Hes1 autonomous oscillatory gene expression upon promoter activation.

    • Main Results:

    • Hes1 and Hes7 exhibit periodic expression changes in the presomitic mesoderm, correlating with somite formation.
    • Hes1 oscillations are not confined to embryonic development but are also present in other cell types.
    • Constitutive activation of the Hes1 promoter leads to autonomous oscillatory gene expression, highlighting a negative feedback loop.

    Conclusions:

    • Hes1 functions as a core component of the segmentation clock, essential for developmental timing.
    • The Hes1-based ultradian clock is a widely distributed biological timing mechanism.
    • Hes1 acts as a molecular device converting sustained input signals into rhythmic outputs, crucial for biological timekeeping.