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Olfactory bulb in multiple system atrophy.

Tibor Kovács1, Mátyás I Papp, Nigel J Cairns

  • 1Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Faculty of General Medicine, Budapest, Hungary. tibor@neur.sote.hu

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
|July 31, 2003
PubMed
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Olfactory dysfunction is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Glial cytoplasmic inclusions in the olfactory bulb are diagnostic for MSA, while Lewy bodies are characteristic of PD.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuropathology
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction, including hyposmia and anosmia, is a hallmark clinical feature of Parkinson's disease (PD).
  • Similar olfactory deficits are observed in multiple system atrophy (MSA), suggesting shared or distinct underlying pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the neuropathological changes in the olfactory bulb (OB) and anterior olfactory nucleus (AON) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA).
  • To determine if specific pathological markers can differentiate between PD and MSA-related olfactory dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Histopathological examination of olfactory bulbs (OBs) and anterior olfactory nuclei (AON) from post-mortem cases of PD and MSA.
  • Microscopic analysis to identify characteristic protein aggregates such as Lewy bodies and glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of neuronal loss in the AON for both disease cohorts.

    • Main Results:

    • Lewy bodies and significant neuronal loss in the AON were confirmed in PD olfactory bulbs.
    • Glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) were consistently identified in the OBs of all examined MSA cases.
    • Neuronal loss was also observed in the AON of MSA cases.
    • The presence of GCIs in the OB was found to be a diagnostic pathological feature for MSA.

    Conclusions:

    • The distinct pathological findings in the olfactory bulb, specifically GCIs in MSA versus Lewy bodies in PD, can serve as diagnostic markers.
    • Neuronal loss in the anterior olfactory nucleus occurs in both PD and MSA.
    • These neuropathological alterations in the olfactory system are likely responsible for the observed olfactory dysfunction in both Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy.