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Intrarenal epidermal cyst.

Sung Chul Lim1, Chul Sung Kim

  • 1Department of Pathology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea. sclim@mail.chosun.ac.kr

Pathology International
|August 5, 2003
PubMed
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An intrarenal epidermal cyst, a rare renal mass, was identified in a patient presenting with flank pain and hematuria. This case highlights the importance of considering epidermal cysts in the differential diagnosis of calcified renal masses.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Renal masses can have diverse etiologies, with epidermal cysts being exceptionally rare.
  • Only three cases of intrarenal epidermal cysts have been previously reported in English literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of an intrarenal epidermal cyst presenting as a renal mass.
  • To discuss the potential histogenesis and diagnostic challenges of this rare entity.

Main Methods:

  • A 51-year-old male patient presented with left flank pain and hematuria.
  • Imaging revealed a 5 x 4 cm cystic mass with irregular margins and calcification in the left kidney.
  • Retroperitoneal laparoscopic simple nephrectomy was performed.
  • Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of an epidermal cyst.

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Main Results:

  • The resected renal mass was histologically identical to an epidermal cyst.
  • Preoperative diagnosis was not achieved, underscoring diagnostic challenges.
  • The patient had a history of renal stone treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, suggesting a possible traumatic origin.

Conclusions:

  • Intrarenal epidermal cysts are an unusual cause of renal masses.
  • Consideration of epidermal cysts is crucial in the differential diagnosis of calcified intrarenal masses.
  • Traumatic metaplasia may be a pathogenetic mechanism for intrarenal epidermal cysts.