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Related Experiment Videos

X chromosome inactivation: theme and variations.

B R Migeon1

  • 1McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD, USA. bmigeon@jhmi.edu

Cytogenetic and Genome Research
|August 6, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Second trimester prenatal diagnosis of epignathus teratoma in ring X chromosome mosaicism with inactive ring X chromosome.

Annales de genetique·2002
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Identification of TSIX, encoding an RNA antisense to human XIST, reveals differences from its murine counterpart: implications for X inactivation.

American journal of human genetics·2001
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Low-copy-number human transgene is recognized as an X inactivation center in mouse ES cells, but fails to induce cis-inactivation in chimeric mice.

Genomics·2001
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Severe phenotypes associated with inactive ring X chromosomes.

American journal of medical genetics·2000
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Human X inactivation center induces random X chromosome inactivation in male transgenic mice.

Genomics·1999
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Non-random X chromosome inactivation in mammalian cells.

Cytogenetics and cell genetics·1998

Mammalian X chromosome inactivation, a key to dosage compensation, is unique to mammals. Variations in this process evolved to meet specific needs like imprinting and maintaining the inactive state.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Vertebrate sex chromosomes play a crucial role in determining an organism's sex.
  • X chromosome inactivation is a fundamental process in mammalian dosage compensation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the evolutionary origins and variations of X chromosome inactivation in mammals.
  • To differentiate core mechanisms from adaptive modifications in X chromosome inactivation.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative genomics analysis.
  • Evolutionary developmental biology.
  • Molecular mechanism investigation.

Main Results:

  • The single active X chromosome is a unique mammalian trait.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Core mechanisms of X chromosome inactivation are conserved across most mammals.
  • Variations arose during evolution for imprinting and maintaining inactivation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of X chromosome inactivation is key to deciphering its evolutionary adaptations.
    • Species-specific variations in X chromosome inactivation are modifications of a conserved core process.