Embryo transfer in pigs: a method for introducing genetic material into primary specific-pathogen-free herds.

Area of Science:

• Animal Science
• Reproductive Biology
• Genetics

Background:

• Efficiently utilizing superior genetics in swine breeding is crucial for herd improvement.
• Traditional breeding methods can limit the reproductive output of genetically valuable sows.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of swine embryo transfer as a method for genetic resource preservation and utilization.
• To assess the viability and survival rates of embryos transferred between Duroc donor sows and crossbred recipient gilts.

Main Methods:

• Fifty-five Duroc pig embryos were surgically transferred into four crossbred recipient gilts.
• Litter outcomes and survival rates were monitored from transfer to term.
• Three litters were recovered via hysterectomy for introduction into a specific-pathogen-free (SPF) herd.

Main Results:

• An overall embryo survival rate of 66% was achieved.
• Live pigs at term represented 53% of the total eggs ovulated by the donor sows.
• Donor sows were successfully preserved for subsequent reproductive cycles.

Conclusions:

• Swine embryo transfer is an effective method for maximizing the reproductive potential of elite female breeding stock.
• This technique facilitates the conservation of valuable genetics and supports the establishment of SPF herds.
• Embryo transfer offers a viable strategy for accelerating genetic gain in pig populations.