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Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the parotid gland
Shun-ichi Imamura1, Haruko Suzuki, Eiko Koda
1Department of Otolaryngology, Shinshu University, School of Medicine, Matsumoto City, Nagano Prefecture, Japan.
Abstract:
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) has been defined as any malignant tumor arising from or differentiating toward cells of the peripheral nerve sheath. We treated a case of MPNST arising from the right parotid gland that showed a highly aggressive course. We reviewed the English-language literature published since 1990 and found 142 cases of head and neck MPNST reported within the past 13 years. The results of the review suggested that MPNSTs may arise from any organs of the head and neck. Immunohistochemical analysis of various neural markers plays a significant role in the evaluation of the histologic diagnosis. Curative treatment based on radical resection of MPNSTs of head and neck origin is more difficult than treatment of MPNSTs of other origins.
Insights
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) can occur in the head and neck. Surgical treatment for head and neck MPNST is challenging due to their aggressive nature and varied origins.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Surgical Pathology
- Head and Neck Surgery
Background:
- Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are defined as malignancies originating from or differentiating towards peripheral nerve sheath cells.
- MPNSTs in the head and neck present unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges compared to those in other anatomical locations.
Observation:
- A case of MPNST originating in the right parotid gland exhibited a highly aggressive clinical course.
- A literature review identified 142 cases of head and neck MPNST reported between 1990 and the present (13-year period).
Findings:
- Head and neck MPNSTs demonstrate the potential to arise from diverse anatomical sites within this region.
- Immunohistochemical analysis using neural markers is crucial for accurate histological diagnosis of MPNST.
- Radical resection for curative intent is notably more complex for head and neck MPNSTs than for MPNSTs in other body areas.
Implications:
- The findings underscore the importance of considering MPNST in the differential diagnosis of head and neck masses.
- Advanced diagnostic techniques, including immunohistochemistry, are essential for precise diagnosis and patient management.
- Multidisciplinary treatment approaches may be necessary to improve outcomes for patients with head and neck MPNST.