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Related Experiment Videos

Memantine for dementia.

Sastre A Areosa, F Sherriff

    The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    |August 15, 2003
    PubMed
    Summary

    Memantine shows benefits for cognition and daily living in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease, and reduces cognitive decline in vascular dementia. The drug is well-tolerated with low adverse effects, though clinical significance varies by dementia type.

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    Muscle & nerve·1996

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology and Geriatrics
    • Pharmacological interventions for neurodegenerative diseases

    Background:

    • Alzheimer's, vascular, and mixed dementias are prevalent in older adults.
    • L-glutamate excitotoxicity is implicated in Alzheimer's pathogenesis and ischemic stroke damage.
    • Memantine, an N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, may mitigate excitotoxicity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of memantine in patients with Alzheimer's, vascular, or mixed dementia.
    • To assess memantine's impact on cognitive function, daily living activities, and global impression of change.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic review of double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trials.
    • Searched specialized databases for trials involving memantine (memantin*, D-145, DMAA, DRG-0267).
    • Extracted and pooled data using intention-to-treat (ITT) and observed cases (OC) analyses.

    Main Results:

    • Memantine (20 mg/day) significantly improved cognition and daily living in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease.
    • Memantine (20 mg/day) showed cognitive benefits in mild to moderate vascular dementia, but not global impression.
    • Adverse effects and drop-out rates were similar between memantine and placebo groups; agitation was reduced with memantine.

    Conclusions:

    • Memantine (20 mg/day) offers benefits for cognition and function in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease.
    • Memantine demonstrates a potential benefit in reducing cognitive deterioration in vascular dementia, though clinical significance is debated.
    • Memantine is generally well-tolerated with a low incidence of adverse effects, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic option.

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