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Vitamin B12 for cognition.

R Malouf1, A Areosa Sastre

  • 1Dept. of Clinical Geratology, Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group, Radcliffe Infirmary, Woodstock Road, Oxford, UK, OX2 6HE.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|August 15, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin B12 supplementation showed no significant cognitive benefits for people with dementia and low B12 levels. More research is needed to confirm efficacy in preventing cognitive decline or dementia.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Neuropsychiatric disorders have been linked to vitamin B12 deficiency since 1849.
  • Low vitamin B12 levels are common in older adults and individuals with Alzheimer's disease.
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency may contribute to age-related cognitive impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of vitamin B12 supplementation on cognitive function in elderly individuals, including those with dementia.
  • To determine if vitamin B12 can prevent the onset or progression of cognitive impairment and dementia.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized double-blind trials comparing vitamin B12 to placebo.
  • Searched Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group Register, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases.
  • Included studies assessed cognitive function in patients with dementia and low vitamin B12 levels.

Main Results:

  • Two studies involving patients with dementia and low vitamin B12 levels were included.
  • No statistically significant evidence of improved cognitive function with vitamin B12 supplementation compared to placebo was found.

Conclusions:

  • Insufficient evidence exists to support the efficacy of vitamin B12 in improving cognitive function for individuals with dementia and low B12 levels.
  • Further trials are needed, particularly those including individuals without dementia or using different definitions of vitamin B12 deficiency.

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