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Related Experiment Videos

Casting alloys: side-effects.

A Hensten-Pettersen1

  • 1NIOM, Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials, Haslum, Norway.

Advances in Dental Research
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dental materials can cause side effects, with allergies to metal alloys like cobalt, chromium, and nickel reported. While rare, recognizing these reactions is crucial for patient care and material selection.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Oral Medicine
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Adverse reactions to dental materials, though infrequent, necessitate recognition.
  • Previous surveys indicate varying incidences of side effects across dental specialities.
  • Concerns exist regarding base-metal alloys, yet documented cases are relatively few.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize reported side effects associated with various dental materials.
  • To analyze the incidence and nature of adverse reactions in different dental fields.
  • To investigate the role of specific alloys, such as base-metal and noble alloys, in eliciting reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of questionnaire surveys on side effects in periodontics, pedodontics, prosthodontics, and orthodontics.

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  • Review of reported cases related to specific dental alloys, including base-metal (cobalt, chromium, nickel) and noble/gold-based alloys.
  • Examination of reactions linked to extra-oral anchorage devices in orthodontics.

    • Main Results:

    • Incidence rates varied: 1:300 (periodontics), 1:2600 (pedodontics), ~1:400 (prosthodontics), 1:100 (orthodontics).
    • In prosthodontics, 27% of reactions involved base-metal and noble/gold-based alloys, causing intra-oral and lichenoid reactions.
    • Orthodontic reactions (85%) were linked to extra-oral anchorage devices; palladium allergy often associated with nickel sensitivity.

    Conclusions:

    • All casting alloys, excluding titanium, may potentially cause adverse reactions in hypersensitive individuals.
    • Allergy to gold-based and palladium-based alloys is more commonly reported than previously thought.
    • Tolerance induction to nickel and chromium may occur in non-sensitized individuals with intra-oral exposure.