Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 20, 2026

Gastric Mucosa Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis for Detecting Helicobacter pylori and Antibiotic Resistance
Published on: March 7, 2025
Antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori: a cross-sectional study in consecutive patients, and relation to
R J L F Loffeld1, C A P M J Fijen
1Department of Internal Medicine and Microbiology, De Heel Zaans Medisch Centrum, Zaandam, The Netherlands. r.loffeld@chello.nl
Objectives:
To assess primary antibiotic resistance in a given population and relate the results to ethnicity.
Materials And Methods:
Consecutive cultures were tested for antibiotic susceptibility with the Etest. Three populations were studied separately: ethnic Dutch people, patients of Turkish descent, and patients originating from Africa and the Middle East.
Results:
Over a period of 5.5 years, 976 (32%) biopsy specimens from 3010 patients were positive for Helicobacter pylori. Metronidazole and clarithromycin resistance were present in 25.8% and 4.8% of the strains, respectively. The number of metronidazole-resistant strains showed a gradual decrease, while clarithromycin resistance showed a slight increase during the study period. Antimicrobial resistance in patients of Turkish descent and in those originating from Africa or the Middle East was significantly higher than in ethnic Dutch people, 35% and 9.1% versus 21% and 2.9%, respectively (P = 0.003 and P = 0.002).
Conclusion:
It is important to take ethnicity into account when studying antibiotic resistance. The numbers of metronidazole- and clarithromycin-resistant strains can vary considerably between people of different ethnic origin living in the same region.
More Related Videos
06:40Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)-Based Rapid Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Antibiotic Resistance
Published on: July 28, 2023
04:56Detection of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Antibiotic Resistance via Stool Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis
Published on: May 16, 2025
Related Concept Videos
Treating Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcers: Antimicrobial Therapy
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
Gastritis II: Pathophysiology
Peptic Ulcer
Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology
Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics