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Viewing the proton through "color" filters.

Xiangdong Ji1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA. xji@physics.umd.edu

Physical Review Letters
|August 26, 2003
PubMed
Summary

We introduce Wigner-type quark and gluon distributions for a full 3D proton image. These distributions offer new insights into generalized parton distributions and quark orbital motion, crucial for understanding proton spin.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Particle Physics
  • Quantum Chromodynamics

Background:

  • Proton structure is conventionally described by form factors and parton distributions in separate spaces.
  • A comprehensive understanding requires phase-space distributions for a complete picture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Wigner-type quark and gluon distributions for a unified 3D imaging of the proton.
  • To establish a connection between these new distributions and measurable quantities like GPDs and TMDs.

Main Methods:

  • Development of Wigner-type quark and gluon distributions.
  • Phase-space reduction techniques to link Wigner distributions to GPDs and TMDs.
  • Utilizing high-energy experimental data for validation.

Main Results:

  • Introduction of Wigner distributions providing a 3D proton image at fixed light-cone momentum.
  • Demonstration of the relationship between Wigner distributions, GPDs, and TMDs.
  • A novel interpretation of GPDs visualizing quark orbital motion.

Conclusions:

  • Wigner-type distributions offer a powerful tool for proton structure imaging.
  • These distributions provide a classical visualization of quark orbital motion, essential for proton spin and magnetic moment.
  • Connects theoretical framework to experimental observables in high-energy physics.

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