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Related Concept Videos

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells
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Published on: April 7, 2017

Mechanisms of sarcoma development.

Lee J Helman1, Paul Meltzer

  • 1Molecular Oncology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 13N240, MSC 1928, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1928, USA. helmanl@nih.gov

Nature Reviews. Cancer
|September 3, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sarcomas, rare connective tissue tumors, are increasingly understood through their genetic basis. This knowledge is improving sarcoma classification and enabling targeted therapies for better patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Sarcomas are rare, diverse tumors originating from connective tissues like bone, muscle, and cartilage.
  • While hereditary factors exist, most sarcomas are sporadic.
  • Recent advances have significantly enhanced understanding of the genetic abnormalities driving sarcoma development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of genetic abnormalities in sarcoma pathogenesis.
  • To highlight how this genetic insight is transforming sarcoma classification.
  • To discuss the impact of genetic discoveries on developing targeted therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on sarcoma genetics and pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of how genetic findings have influenced sarcoma classification systems.
  • Evaluation of targeted therapy strategies based on specific genetic alterations.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in identifying key genetic abnormalities in various sarcoma subtypes.
  • Establishment of new classifications for many sarcomas based on molecular profiles.
  • Development of successful targeted therapies for specific genetic mutations in sarcomas.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding sarcoma genetics is crucial for accurate classification and effective treatment.
  • Targeted therapies based on specific genetic abnormalities represent a major advancement in sarcoma care.
  • Continued research into sarcoma pathogenesis will likely lead to further refinements in diagnosis and treatment strategies.