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Related Experiment Videos

The possible physiological function of thioltransferase in cells.

Kuiyi Xing1, Marjorie F Lou

  • 1Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0905, USA.

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
|September 6, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Thioltransferase (TTase) helps human lens epithelial cells recover from oxidative stress by reactivating damaged enzymes. This redox-regulating enzyme protects cells from permanent oxidative damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Oxidative stress is implicated in lens epithelial cell damage.
  • The role of thioltransferase (TTase) in cellular defense against oxidative damage is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological function of TTase in protecting human lens epithelial cells from oxidative damage.
  • To determine if TTase facilitates the recovery of oxidatively inactivated enzymes.

Main Methods:

  • Human lens epithelial (HLE B3) cells were transfected with a TTase-containing plasmid or a control vector.
  • Cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to induce oxidative stress.
  • TTase activity, protein thiolation, and enzyme activity (GAPDH, GPx) were measured.

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  • Cadmium was used to inhibit TTase activity.

    • Main Results:

    • Overexpression of TTase enhanced the recovery of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities after oxidative stress.
    • TTase overexpression suppressed protein thiolation (PSSG formation).
    • Inhibition of TTase activity by cadmium prevented the reactivation of GAPDH.

    Conclusions:

    • Thioltransferase (TTase) plays a physiological role in protecting lens epithelial cells by reactivating oxidatively inactivated enzymes through dethiolation.
    • TTase acts as a redox-regulating enzyme, preventing permanent oxidative damage in lens cells and potentially other cell types.