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Stable drop shapes under disjoining pressure. III. Sharp contact lines.

P Neogi1

  • 1Chemical Engineering Department, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO 65409-1230, USA. neogi@umr.edu

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|September 10, 2003
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzes the stability of liquid drops with sharp contact lines, incorporating disjoining pressure. A fixed contact line ensures stability, while a movable line with a fixed angle leads to instability due to surface curvature effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Understanding the behavior of liquid drops is crucial in various scientific and industrial applications.
  • The presence of sharp contact lines and the influence of disjoining pressure significantly affect drop dynamics and stability.
  • Previous models often simplified contact line behavior, necessitating a more detailed analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the shape and stability of a liquid drop featuring a sharp contact line.
  • To investigate the role of disjoining pressure in systems with sharp contact angles.
  • To compare the stability of drops under different contact line mobility conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of drop shape and stability.

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  • Inclusion of disjoining pressure with a specific formulation allowing for sharp contact angles.
  • Stability analysis under two distinct scenarios: fixed contact line and fixed equilibrium contact angle with a movable line.

    • Main Results:

    • The stability analysis revealed that a drop with a non-movable contact line is stable to small perturbations.
    • Conversely, a drop with a movable contact line, where the contact angle is fixed at its equilibrium value, is unstable to small perturbations.
    • The instability in the second scenario is attributed to the curvature effect of the drop surface.

    Conclusions:

    • The mobility of the contact line is a critical factor in determining the stability of a drop.
    • Sharp contact angles, when modeled appropriately with disjoining pressure, lead to distinct stability characteristics.
    • Surface curvature plays a destabilizing role when the contact line is allowed to move under fixed angle conditions.