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Updated: Aug 18, 2026

A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection
Published on: June 15, 2018
[Anti-typhoid vaccines]
Abstract:
There are three commercially available vaccines against typhoid fever: parenteral inactivated whole cell vaccine, oral live attenuated (strain ty21a), parenteral polysaccharide vaccine (capsular antigen-Vi). Their protective efficacy is 50 to 88% (inactivated vaccine), 50 to 96% (live attenuated vaccine) and 75 to 80% (polysaccharide vaccine). The frequency of notable adverse reactions with the inactivated vaccine justifies the use of the new vaccines.
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