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Maternal practices and risk factors for dehydration from diarrhoea in young children: a case-control study in central

A Sabchareon1, T Chongsuphajaisiddhi, P Butraporn

  • 1Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Journal of Diarrhoeal Diseases Research
|December 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

Maternal hygiene and vomiting frequency are key factors in childhood dehydration from diarrhea. Improving maternal hygiene and educating mothers on oral rehydration therapy (ORT) can reduce dehydration risks and deaths.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • Diarrheal diseases remain a significant cause of mortality in young children, particularly in developing regions.
  • Dehydration is the primary life-threatening complication of acute watery diarrhea in children under 24 months.
  • Understanding risk factors for dehydration is crucial for effective intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors associated with dehydration in young children experiencing acute watery diarrhea.
  • To compare risk factors between children with moderate to severe dehydration and those without dehydration.
  • To inform public health interventions aimed at reducing childhood mortality from diarrhea.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Chonburi, Thailand, involving 96 children (48 cases with dehydration, 48 controls without).
  • Participants were children aged 24 months or younger with acute watery diarrhea.
  • Multivariate analysis was used to determine factors significantly associated with dehydration.

Main Results:

  • Inadequate maternal hygiene, indicated by children's dirty fingernails, was strongly associated with dehydration (Odds Ratio 6.4).
  • The frequency of vomiting in the 24 hours preceding rehydration was also a significant factor (Odds Ratio 1.3).
  • Mothers lacked knowledge regarding the correct administration and volume of oral rehydration solution (ORS).

Conclusions:

  • Improving maternal hygiene practices is a critical intervention to reduce dehydration risk.
  • Comprehensive education on oral rehydration therapy (ORT), emphasizing correct ORS volume and timing, is essential.
  • Targeted interventions focusing on hygiene and ORT education can significantly decrease dehydration-related deaths in children.

Keywords:
AsiaBiologyCase Control StudiesDeveloping CountriesDiarrheaDiarrhea, InfantileDiseasesEconomic FactorsLow Income PopulationOral RehydrationResearch ReportRisk FactorsSocial ClassSocioeconomic FactorsSocioeconomic StatusSoutheastern AsiaStudiesThailandTreatment

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