Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Prostaglandin Extraction and Analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans
08:50

Prostaglandin Extraction and Analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: June 25, 2013

21.0K

Biosynthesis of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-PGJ2 and the ligation of PPARgamma

L Chastine Bell-Parikh1, Tomomi Ide, John A Lawson

  • 1Center for Experimental Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 153 Johnson Pavilion, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084, USA. garret@spirit.gcrc.upenn.edu

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
|September 17, 2003
PubMed

Insights

15-deoxy-Delta12,14-PGJ2 (15d-PGJ2) is detectable in vitro but not significantly produced in vivo during adipogenesis or inflammation. This study finds 15d-PGJ2 is not the primary mediator of PPARgamma-dependent adipocyte activation.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-PGJ2 (15d-PGJ2) is an endogenous PPARgamma ligand linked to adipogenesis and inflammation.
  • Proposed roles include NF-kappaB ligation and apoptosis mediation.
  • Quantitative in vivo evidence for 15d-PGJ2 formation is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vivo formation and physiological relevance of 15d-PGJ2.
  • To determine if 15d-PGJ2 mediates PPARgamma-dependent adipocyte activation.
  • To assess 15d-PGJ2 levels in conditions associated with inflammation and metabolic disease.

Main Methods:

  • Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) for 15d-PGJ2 detection.
  • Analysis of 15d-PGJ2 in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cultures.
  • Measurement of 15d-PGJ2 in human urine and arthritis joint fluid.
  • Investigation of 15d-PGJ2 levels during COX-2 induction and LPS challenge.

Main Results:

  • 15d-PGJ2 is detectable at picomolar levels in vitro but not increased during adipocyte differentiation.
  • While a minor product of COX-2 in urine, its biosynthesis is not altered by LPS activation in vivo.
  • 15d-PGJ2 levels are not augmented in arthritis joint fluid, diabetes, or obesity.

Conclusions:

  • 15d-PGJ2 is not the endogenous mediator of PPARgamma-dependent adipocyte activation.
  • Its in vivo production and levels are not significantly altered in key physiological and pathological states.
  • The proposed roles of 15d-PGJ2 in inflammation and adipogenesis require further investigation regarding its in vivo significance.

More Related Videos

Using Microtiter Dish Radiolabeling for Multiple In Vivo Measurements Of Escherichia coli pppGpp Followed by Thin Layer Chromatography06:30

Using Microtiter Dish Radiolabeling for Multiple In Vivo Measurements Of Escherichia coli pppGpp Followed by Thin Layer Chromatography

Published on: June 4, 2019

5.4K
Author Spotlight: Plant Primary Organs Profiling Using 13C6-Glucose Labeling and LC-MS04:32

Author Spotlight: Plant Primary Organs Profiling Using 13C6-Glucose Labeling and LC-MS

Published on: March 22, 2024

1.5K

Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
7.7K
GPI Anchoring of Proteins in the ER Membrane01:29

GPI Anchoring of Proteins in the ER Membrane

GPI-anchoring is a post-translational, reversible protein modification that is ubiquitous in eukaryotes. Such proteins are primarily present on the exoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane.
GPI-anchor structure
A sequence of 11 enzymatic reactions results in the synthesis of the complete GPI anchor consisting of a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic portion. The hydrophobic portion comprises phosphatidylinositol, while the hydrophilic part comprises polar groups like phosphoethanolamine,...
4.4K
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
12.5K
Biosynthesis in Bacteria01:24

Biosynthesis in Bacteria

Biosynthesis in bacteria is a fundamental anabolic process that generates essential macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides. These macromolecules are critical for cellular growth, replication, and function. The process is tightly regulated and energetically linked to catabolic pathways to ensure optimal resource utilization.Biosynthetic pathways begin with precursor metabolites such as pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, and glucose-6-phosphate derived from glycolysis,...
1.0K
Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids01:28

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
1.7K
Biosynthesis of Lipids01:29

Biosynthesis of Lipids

Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis...
961