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Experimental models for primary melanoma.

J H Epstein1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco.

Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine
|June 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers are developing experimental models to study melanoma, a growing cancer threat. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a suspected cause, leading to models that mimic human melanoma development for further study.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Carcinogenesis

Background:

  • Nonmelanoma skin cancers (squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma) are common.
  • Malignant melanoma (MM) is the third most common skin cancer, with increasing incidence and mortality.
  • There is an urgent need for experimental models to study melanoma etiology and biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and evaluate experimental models for studying malignant melanoma.
  • To explore the role of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in melanoma development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on experimental models of melanoma.
  • Discussion of models using chemical carcinogens (e.g., DMBA) in various animal species.
  • Analysis of models involving ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure.

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Main Results:

  • Chemical carcinogens can induce melanomas in animals, with some models (Weiser-Maple guinea pig) showing growth patterns similar to human MM.
  • Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is strongly implicated in the melanoma epidemic.
  • Various UVR-based models have been developed, including those in hairless mice, haired mice, and opossums, often requiring chronic UVR exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Experimental models are crucial for understanding the melanoma epidemic.
  • Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a significant factor in melanoma development, necessitating further research using relevant experimental models.