The genetic basis of cancer

The genetic basis of human cancer is well established, although much work remains to be done to unravel the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Multiple genetic alterations appear to the hallmark in the adult cancers. Molecular cloning and characterization of the amplified proto-oncogenes and mutated recessive oncogenes would shed light on the mechanisms involved in the initiation and progression of human cancer. New tests are likely to be available in the near future (for specific oncogenes) for the diagnosis and management of various forms of human cancer.