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Decrease in erythrocyte glycophorin sialic acid content is associated with increased erythrocyte aggregation in human

M E Rogers1, D T Williams, R Niththyananthan

  • 1Unit of Metabolic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, U.K.

Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)
|March 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Diabetic patients show reduced sialic acid on red blood cells, leading to increased erythrocyte aggregation. This molecular change may contribute to vascular disease in diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Hematology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Sialic acid on erythrocyte membranes determines cell surface charge.
  • Negative charge causes electrostatic repulsion, reducing red blood cell aggregation.
  • Reduced aggregation lowers blood viscosity and yield stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sialic acid content in erythrocyte membranes of diabetic patients.
  • To assess erythrocyte aggregation in diabetic patients.
  • To explore the relationship between sialylation and aggregation in diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to quantify sialic acid content in glycophorin A.
  • Viscometry to measure erythrocyte aggregation (LS/S ratio in fibrinogen solution).

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Main Results:

  • Diabetic patients had significantly lower sialic acid content in glycophorin A compared to controls.
  • Erythrocyte aggregation was significantly increased in diabetic patients.
  • A negative correlation was found between glycophorin sialic acid content and erythrocyte aggregation.

Conclusions:

  • Decreased sialylation of erythrocyte glycophorin A explains increased erythrocyte aggregation at a molecular level.
  • This finding may be significant in the development of vascular disease in diabetes.