Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Endogenous ligands selecting T cells expressing particular V beta elements.

K Tomonari1, S Fairchild, O A Rosenwasser

  • 1Transplantation Biology Section, MRC Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, Middlesex, U.K.

International Reviews of Immunology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A rhamnose-binding lectin from Rhodnius prolixus and the impact of its silencing on gut bacterial microbiota and Trypanosoma cruzi.

Developmental and comparative immunology·2020
Same author

Child-onset systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with a higher incidence of myopericardial manifestations compared to adult-onset disease.

Lupus·2018
Same author

Evaluation of the reliability and validity of the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI) in paediatric cutaneous lupus among paediatric dermatologists and rheumatologists.

The British journal of dermatology·2018
Same author

Use of echocardiography at diagnosis and detection of acute cardiac disease in youth with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Lupus·2018
Same author

Involvement of brown adipose tissue in subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn.

Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)·2011
Same author

A transposon insertion single-gene knockout library and new ordered cosmid library for the model organism Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek·2010
Same journal

Leptin in metabolic-immune crosstalk: Mechanisms of T cell regulation and implications for autoimmune disease therapy.

International reviews of immunology·2026
Same journal

Metabolic alterations in the tumor microenvironment influence the anti-tumor immune function of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells via epigenetic modifications.

International reviews of immunology·2026
Same journal

Macrophage markers and gene signature profiling reveals mesenchymal stem cells mediated immune modulation in Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.

International reviews of immunology·2026
Same journal

Natural antigen landscape shaping intestinal Treg cells: Self, diet, and microbiota.

International reviews of immunology·2026
Same journal

Upregulation of ADAM10 reinforces CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells toward exhaustion in the TME.

International reviews of immunology·2026
Same journal

PTX3 promotes macrophage efferocytosis and inflammation resolution in granulomatous mastitis.

International reviews of immunology·2026
See all related articles

Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) encodes endogenous ligands, known as minor lymphocyte stimulatory antigens (Mls), which delete specific T cells. These Mls act as superantigens, with the MMTV 3' LTR encoding a type II membrane glycoprotein responsible for this function.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Minor lymphocyte stimulatory antigens (Mls) and other endogenous ligands induce T cell deletion.
  • Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) has been identified as the source of these Mls and T cell-deleting ligands.
  • These ligands share characteristics with bacterial superantigens, binding MHC class II and TCR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review genetic analyses of V beta 11 and V beta 3 deletion ligands.
  • To demonstrate MMTV's role in encoding these ligands.
  • To investigate the molecular basis of MMTV-encoded superantigen function.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic analyses of V beta 11 and V beta 3 deletion ligands.
  • In vitro translation of the MMTV 3' LTR open reading frame (ORF).

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • MMTV is involved in all analyzed V beta 11 and V beta 3 deletion ligands.
  • The 3' LTR of the MMTV genome encodes superantigen function.
  • In vitro translation identified a type II integral membrane glycoprotein as the major product of the 3' LTR ORF.

Conclusions:

  • MMTV-encoded type II membrane glycoproteins function as superantigens, analogous to bacterial superantigens.
  • These glycoproteins interact with MHC class II and TCR distinct from conventional peptide antigens.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of T cell deletion and Mls transfer.