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Ethiodol oil contrast medium inhibits macrophage phagocytosis and adherence by altering membrane electronegativity
J V Johnson1, I A Montoya, D L Olive
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.
Objective:
To examine the effect of Ethiodol oil-soluble contrast medium and Sinografin aqueous-soluble contrast medium on macrophage function. After the observation that Ethiodol alters macrophage phagocytosis and adherence, we sought to determine the mechanism of action by which oil-soluble contrast medium alters the macrophage membrane.
Design:
The P388D1 cell line was used as a consistent source of macrophages for all experiments. The uptake of 3H-labeled candida albicans was determined in macrophages exposed to 1:100, 1:400, or 1:800 dilutions of Ethiodol, Sinografin (S.R. Squibb, Princeton, NJ) or untreated media. To evaluate the macrophage adherence, 51Cr-labeled macrophages were exposed to the same dilutions of the contrast media. Specific membrane properties, Fc receptor levels, electronegativity, and microviscosity were assessed by flow cytometry after exposure to 1:100 dilutions of Ethiodol or Sinografin.
Results:
Macrophage phagocytosis was decreased upon exposure to 1:100 and 1:400 dilutions of Ethiodol contrast medium, whereas adherence was reduced at the 1:100 dilution of Ethiodol. There was no effect of any dilution of Sinografin. There was a reduction in membrane electronegativity and microviscosity, but not Fc receptor levels, after exposure to a 1:100 dilution of Ethiodol.
Conclusions:
This study establishes a decrease in macrophage phagocytosis and adherence after exposure to Ethiodol oil-soluble contrast medium. We established that this alteration in membrane function is caused by a reduction of membrane negative surface charge and microviscosity. This may suggest a mechanism of action for the therapeutic effect of oil-contrast hysterosalpingograms in women with unexplained infertility.
Insights
Ethiodol oil-soluble contrast medium impairs macrophage phagocytosis and adherence by altering membrane properties. Sinografin showed no effect. This may explain therapeutic benefits in infertility treatments.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Radiology
Background:
- Macrophage function is crucial for immune response.
- Contrast media are used in medical imaging, but their cellular effects require investigation.
- Ethiodol is an oil-soluble contrast medium, while Sinografin is aqueous-soluble.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of Ethiodol and Sinografin on macrophage function.
- To elucidate the mechanism by which oil-soluble contrast media affect macrophage membranes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the P388D1 macrophage cell line.
- Assessed phagocytosis of Candida albicans and macrophage adherence using radiolabeled assays.
- Analyzed membrane properties (Fc receptor levels, electronegativity, microviscosity) via flow cytometry.
Main Results:
- Ethiodol significantly reduced macrophage phagocytosis and adherence at specific dilutions.
- Sinografin did not affect macrophage function at any tested dilution.
- Ethiodol exposure decreased membrane electronegativity and microviscosity, but not Fc receptor levels.
Conclusions:
- Ethiodol oil-soluble contrast medium negatively impacts macrophage phagocytosis and adherence.
- The observed effects are attributed to reduced membrane negative surface charge and microviscosity.
- These findings suggest a potential mechanism for the therapeutic efficacy of oil-contrast hysterosalpingography in unexplained infertility.