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Superoxide dismutase activity in cataractous lenses
H Fujiwara1, Y Takigawa, T Suzuki
1Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Hospital, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan.
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology
|January 1, 1992
Summary
Free oxygen radicals contribute to cataract formation. This study found that superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels decrease with cataract progression, suggesting their crucial role in preventing oxidative damage in the eye.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Biochemistry
- Free Radical Biology
Background:
- Free oxygen radicals are implicated in cataract development.
- Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) are key antioxidants with potential roles in preventing cataracts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the behavior of SOD and GSH in human cataractous lenses.
- To determine the correlation between SOD activity and GSH levels in relation to cataract advancement.
Main Methods:
- SOD activity was measured using electron spin resonance spectrometry in human and porcine lenses.
- GSH levels were quantified via high-performance liquid chromatography.
- Localization of SOD activity within human lenses was examined.
Main Results:
- Both SOD activity and GSH levels significantly decreased in human lenses as senile cataracts progressed.
- A positive correlation was observed between SOD and GSH values.
- SOD activity was predominantly localized in the lens epithelium and superficial cortex.
Conclusions:
- Decreased SOD and GSH levels are associated with the advancement of senile cataracts.
- SOD and GSH may act synergistically as a protective barrier against photooxidation in the lens.
- These findings highlight the importance of antioxidant defense in preventing cataract formation.