Related Experiment Videos
Glomerular hyperfiltration in essential hypertension: hormonal aspects.
G Regolisti1, C Buzio, A Cavatorta
1Istituto di Clinica Medica e Nefrologia, Università degli Studi, Parma.
Acta Bio-Medica De L'Ateneo Parmense : Organo Della Societa Di Medicina E Scienze Naturali Di Parma
|January 1, 1992
Summary
Essential hypertension patients showed blunted renal functional reserve. Nifedipine enhanced protein-induced hyperfiltration, while enalapril reduced it, suggesting drug-specific effects on kidney hemodynamics.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Glomerular hyperfiltration contributes to renal damage in essential hypertension.
- The impact of antihypertensive drugs on renal functional reserve in hypertension is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess renal functional reserve in essential hypertensive patients without renal impairment.
- To investigate the effects of nifedipine and enalapril on renal hemodynamics and hormonal changes after an oral protein load.
Main Methods:
- Measured renal hemodynamic parameters, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, and atrial natriuretic factor in 14 hypertensive patients.
- Administered an acute oral protein load alone, with nifedipine, or with enalapril, compared to a carbohydrate meal.
Main Results:
- An oral protein load alone caused insignificant increases in glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow.
- Nifedipine with protein load significantly increased glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow.
- Enalapril with protein load decreased glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow.
Conclusions:
- Renal functional reserve was blunted in essential hypertensive patients.
- Nifedipine enhanced protein-induced hyperfiltration, while enalapril abolished it.
- Hormonal changes did not appear to be the primary drivers of observed hemodynamic effects.