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[Tuberculosis in patients with lymphomas].

M Melero1, O Gennaro, C Domínguez

  • 1Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Medicina
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) is significantly more prevalent in lymphoma patients, particularly those with Hodgkin lymphoma. This study found TB in 1.18% of lymphoma cases, highlighting a critical association.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Lymphoma patients exhibit a higher risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB).
  • Understanding the specific associations between lymphoma subtypes and TB is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of active tuberculosis in patients with lymphoma.
  • To compare TB prevalence in lymphoma patients with the general population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 506 lymphoma cases diagnosed between 1980-1989.
  • Clinical data review for TB presentation, lymphoma subtype, and treatment history.
  • Statistical comparison of TB prevalence between lymphoma patients and the general population.

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Main Results:

  • Six lymphoma patients (1.18%) presented with active TB.
  • Five had advanced Hodgkin lymphoma (nodular sclerosis subtype); one had non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • TB was predominantly focal and extrapulmonary (cervical lymphadenitis); disseminated TB occurred only in the non-Hodgkin lymphoma case.
  • TB prevalence in lymphoma patients (1185.7/100,000) was significantly higher than in the general population (52.3/100,000) (p < 0.0001).
  • No mortality directly attributed to TB infection was observed.

Conclusions:

  • A significantly elevated prevalence of tuberculosis exists in lymphoma patients, especially those with Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Clinical presentation of TB in this cohort was primarily focal with extrapulmonary involvement.
  • Routine cultures of lymphatic tissue are important for diagnosing lymph node tuberculosis, as histopathology may be inconclusive.