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Alopecia areata and Down syndrome.

D M Carter, B V Jegasothy

Archives of Dermatology

|October 1, 1976

Summary

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) show higher rates of alopecia areata and vitiligo. Immunological factors may contribute to these skin conditions in people with DS.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Immunology
Genetics

Background:

Down syndrome (DS) is associated with immune system deficiencies, particularly in thymus-dependent (T-cell) function.
Previous research indicates a potential link between immune dysregulation and certain dermatological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the prevalence of specific skin conditions in institutionalized patients with Down syndrome.
To explore potential associations between these skin conditions and the known immunological predispositions in Down syndrome.

Main Methods:

A dermatological examination was conducted on 214 institutionalized patients diagnosed with Down syndrome.
Data on the presence of alopecia areata, vitiligo, and syringoma were systematically collected and analyzed.

Main Results:

Alopecia areata was observed in 19 patients (8.9%) and vitiligo in 4 patients (1.9%).
Syringoma was also found to be common, occurring approximately twice as frequently in female patients compared to male patients.
The observed incidence of alopecia areata and vitiligo suggests a potential link to immunological factors.

Conclusions:

The study suggests that immunological factors may play a role in the increased incidence of vitiligo and alopecia areata in individuals with Down syndrome.
Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying these dermatological manifestations in the Down syndrome population.
Syringoma prevalence differs between sexes in this cohort, indicating potential sex-specific factors.

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