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Lipid parameters and apolipoprotein B RFLP studies: comparison of normal and coronary heart disease groups as defined
J L Hosking1, R Bais, S K Sobecki
1Division of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, Australia.
Insights
Coronary heart disease (CHD) risk was assessed using apolipoprotein B gene polymorphisms. While some associations were found in females, DNA testing for apolipoprotein B gene variations did not prove useful for predicting individual CHD risk.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Genetics
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant health concern.
- Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) gene polymorphisms are investigated for their potential role in CHD.
- Lipid profiles are key indicators in cardiovascular risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare lipid profiles and apolipoprotein B gene DNA polymorphisms between CHD patients and controls.
- To investigate the association of apolipoprotein B gene polymorphisms (Xba I, Eco RI) with lipid levels and CHD.
- To evaluate the utility of these polymorphisms in assessing individual CHD risk.
Main Methods:
- Lipid and apolipoprotein values were measured in 122 CHD patients and 80 controls.
- DNA polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein B gene were analyzed using Xba I and Eco RI restriction enzymes.
- Statistical analyses were performed to compare groups and assess associations.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol were observed between female CHD patients and controls.
- A significant difference in the frequency of the Xba I polymorphism was found in females (p < 0.05), with the X1 allele more common in patients.
- Individuals with X1X2 genotype had highest total cholesterol; X1X1 genotype had lowest HDL-cholesterol. Associations between polymorphisms and lipid levels were generally weak and inconsistent.
Conclusions:
- Apolipoprotein B gene polymorphisms, specifically Xba I, showed some association with lipid levels and CHD in females.
- However, the study did not demonstrate a useful role for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the apolipoprotein B gene in assessing individual CHD risk.
Abstract:
We have compared the lipid and apolipoprotein values and the frequency of DNA polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein B gene detected with the restriction enzymes, Xba I and Eco RI in 122 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 80 control subjects. The patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) were defined by > 70% stenosis in at least one major coronary artery whereas the controls showed no signs of coronary artery narrowing at angiography. When males and females were considered separately, differences in triglyceride, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) between CHD and control subjects were significant only for females. The polymorphism studies showed no significant differences between the control and CHD subjects except for a difference in the frequency in the females of the Xba I polymorphism (p < 0.05). The X1 allele (absence of the restriction enzyme cutting site) occurred significantly more often in the patient group than in the controls. Individuals with the X1X2 genotype had the highest serum total cholesterol whereas those with the X1X1 genotype had the lowest HDL-cholesterol value. Generally, the associations between the Xba I and Eco RI alleles and serum lipid levels were weak and inconsistent. Furthermore, even after careful selection of disease and control groups, a useful role for restriction fragment length polymorphism studies in assessing CHD risk in individual patients was not demonstrated.
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