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Macular dysfunction in multiple sclerosis revealed by steady-state flicker and pattern ERGs.

B Falsini¹, A Bardocci, V Porciatti

¹Eye Clinic, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology

|January 1, 1992

Summary

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Second harmonics of flicker electroretinograms (FERG) and pattern electroretinograms (PERG) were reduced in multiple sclerosis patients, indicating inner retinal dysfunction even without clinical optic neuritis.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Neuroscience
Retinal Physiology

Background:

The 2nd harmonics of steady-state electroretinograms (FERG and PERG) reflect distinct inner retinal generator functions.
Inner retinal dysfunction is implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate steady-state macular FERG and PERG 2nd harmonics in MS patients.
To assess for retinal changes in MS eyes with and without a history of optic neuritis.

Main Methods:

Measured 2nd harmonics of FERG (2F) and PERG (2P) in 19 normal subjects and 44 MS patients (25 with optic neuritis history, 19 subclinical).
Analyzed amplitude and phase of 2F and 2P in relation to control values.

Main Results:

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Both 2F and 2P amplitudes were significantly reduced in MS eyes (subclinical and optic neuritis) compared to controls.

2P phase was delayed in subclinical MS eyes; 2F phase was delayed in optic neuritis eyes.

Abnormal 2F or 2P values (amplitude or phase) were found in a high percentage of MS eyes (subclinical and optic neuritis).

Conclusions:

FERG and PERG 2nd harmonics are significantly altered in MS, suggesting inner macular layer dysfunction.
This dysfunction may stem from direct retinal involvement or retrograde degeneration in MS.
Electroretinogram harmonics offer sensitive biomarkers for subclinical retinal changes in MS.