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Depression and Parkinson's disease: a review
1Department of Neurology, University of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
The American Journal of Psychiatry
|April 1, 1992
Summary
Depression affects 40% of Parkinson's disease patients, differing from other depression types with more anxiety. Neurobiological models link brain changes to these mood symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Neurology
Background:
- Depression is a common comorbidity in Parkinson's disease (PD).
- Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of depression in PD is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To update research on depression in Parkinson's disease.
- To synthesize findings into a neurobiological model linking brain changes to behavioral symptoms.
Main Methods:
- Computer-based literature search.
- Extensive bibliography-guided article reviews.
Main Results:
- Depression occurs in ~40% of PD patients, characterized by increased anxiety and reduced self-punitive ideation.
- Risk factors include low CSF 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, prior depression history, functional disability, female gender, early PD onset, and left brain involvement.
- Depression in PD is linked to frontal lobe dysfunction and altered dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems, responding to antidepressants and ECT.
Conclusions:
- Depression in PD may stem from dysfunction in mesocortical/prefrontal reward, motivational, and stress-response systems.
- Frontal dopaminergic projections are implicated in PD with depression, supported by various study types.