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Related Experiment Videos

Hypersensitivity reactions.

R B Weiss1

  • 1Section of Medical Oncology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001.

Seminars in Oncology
|October 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Most cancer chemotherapy drugs can cause hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs). Prophylactic measures can help some patients continue treatment after experiencing an HSR, improving cancer therapy outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) are a significant concern in cancer chemotherapy.
  • Most chemotherapeutic agents, excluding specific classes, have been associated with HSRs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the occurrence and types of HSRs associated with anticancer drugs.
  • To discuss the potential for continuing chemotherapy after HSRs and the mechanisms involved.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of HSRs caused by chemotherapeutic agents.
  • Analysis of HSR types, prevalence, and potential management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Nearly all anticancer drugs can induce HSRs, with Type I being most common.

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  • Some drugs like L-asparaginase and intravesical mitomycin cause significant HSRs in about 10% of patients.
  • Prophylactic measures, such as extended infusion times and preventive medication, can allow continued therapy for some patients (e.g., with taxol).

    • Conclusions:

    • HSRs are a common toxicity of cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
    • Understanding HSR mechanisms is crucial for developing strategies to reduce their risk and severity.
    • Continued therapy is possible for some patients following HSRs with appropriate management.