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Age and depression.

J Mirowsky1, C E Ross

  • 1Department of Sociology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.

Journal of Health and Social Behavior
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Depression levels are lowest in middle age, peaking in older adults due to health and control issues. Life-cycle changes in marriage and employment significantly impact adult depression rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry
  • Sociology

Background:

  • The relationship between aging and mental health, specifically depression, is complex.
  • Life-cycle transitions and socioeconomic factors influence mood throughout adulthood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the association between age and depression.
  • To investigate the impact of maturity, life-cycle stage, and historical trends on depression.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from two adult samples: 2,031 U.S. adults (1990) and 809 Illinois adults (1985).
  • Examination of depression levels across different age groups, considering factors like marriage, employment, and health.

Main Results:

  • Depression is lowest around age 45.

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  • Depression increases in older adulthood (80+) due to physical decline and reduced control.
  • Life-cycle factors like marriage and employment status significantly correlate with depression levels.
  • Higher education in younger generations and differential survival rates influence age-related depression differences.

    • Conclusions:

    • Adult depression follows a U-shaped curve, lowest in middle age and highest in advanced old age.
    • Physical health, personal control, and socioeconomic factors are key determinants of late-life depression.
    • Observed age differences in depression are partly explained by cohort effects (education) and survival biases.