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Relations between in vitro cytotoxicity and crosslinked dermal sheep collagens
M J van Luyn1, P B van Wachem, L O Damink
1Department of Histology and Cell Biology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|August 1, 1992
Summary
Crosslinked dermal sheep collagen (DSC) can cause cytotoxicity in human skin fibroblasts. Glutaraldehyde-crosslinked DSC (GDSC) and hexamethylene-diisocyanate-crosslinked DSC (HDSC) showed significant cytotoxic effects, impacting cell growth and morphology.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Cell Biology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Collagen-based biomaterials are widely used in medicine.
- Potential cytotoxicity of these biomaterials is a concern.
- Dermal sheep collagen (DSC) is a common collagen source.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of crosslinked dermal sheep collagen (DSC) on human skin fibroblasts.
- To compare the cytotoxicity of non-crosslinked DSC (NDSC), hexamethylene-diisocyanate-crosslinked DSC (HDSC), and glutaraldehyde-crosslinked DSC (GDSC).
Main Methods:
- Human skin fibroblasts were cultured for 7 days with methylcellulose.
- Tested materials included NDSC, HDSC, GDSC, and their extracts.
- Cell growth was assessed by cell counting; cell morphology was examined using light and transmission electron microscopy.
Main Results:
- GDSC and HDSC induced significant cytotoxicity, inhibiting cell growth and causing abnormal cell morphology.
- HDSC exhibited both primary (extractable products) and secondary (enzymatic interaction) cytotoxicity.
- NDSC showed minimal primary cytotoxicity with no morphological changes.
Conclusions:
- The crosslinking agents and residual agents significantly influence the cytotoxicity of DSC.
- GDSC and HDSC pose a higher risk of cytotoxicity compared to NDSC.
- Understanding these differences is crucial for developing safer collagen-based biomaterials.