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Intestinal anisakiasis: US in diagnosis.

M Shirahama1, T Koga, H Ishibashi

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Prefectural Hospital, Japan.

Radiology
|December 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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High-resolution ultrasound (US) and barium studies accurately diagnose intestinal anisakiasis by identifying thickened bowel loops and mucosal edema. Early diagnosis prevents unnecessary surgery for this parasitic infection.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Parasitology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Intestinal anisakiasis is a parasitic infection caused by ingesting raw or undercooked fish containing Anisakis larvae.
  • Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial to differentiate from other causes of acute abdominal pain and avoid unnecessary surgical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of high-resolution ultrasound (US) and barium studies in diagnosing intestinal anisakiasis.
  • To identify characteristic imaging findings associated with intestinal anisakiasis.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving eighteen consecutive patients diagnosed with intestinal anisakiasis.
  • High-resolution ultrasound (US) and barium studies were performed on all patients.
  • Cytologic examination of ascites was conducted when present.

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Main Results:

  • Ultrasound revealed thickened bowel loops, luminal narrowing, swollen Kerckring folds, and decreased peristalsis.
  • Ascitic fluid, when present, showed a dense infiltration of eosinophils.
  • Barium studies demonstrated segmental mucosal edema, predominantly in the distal ileum, with a mean lesion length of 19 cm.

Conclusions:

  • High-resolution ultrasound and barium studies are valuable diagnostic tools for intestinal anisakiasis.
  • Characteristic imaging findings, including bowel wall thickening and mucosal edema, aid in diagnosis.
  • Prompt diagnosis based on imaging can prevent unnecessary surgical treatment for patients presenting with acute abdominal symptoms.