Transfusions--hazardous acid-base changes with citrated blood

Area of Science:

• Physiology
• Transfusion Medicine
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Blood transfusions are common medical procedures.
• Citrate and heparin are anticoagulants used in stored blood.
• Maintaining acid-base balance is critical for physiological function.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effects of citrated and heparinized blood transfusions on acid-base balance in rabbits.
• To compare the physiological responses to different anticoagulant types during transfusion.
• To identify potential risks associated with massive blood transfusions.

Main Methods:

• Rabbits underwent transfusions with either citrated or heparinized blood.
• Blood samples were analyzed for pH and carbon dioxide tension.
• Acid-base parameters were monitored during and after transfusions.

Main Results:

• Transfusions with citrated blood led to decreased blood pH and increased carbon dioxide tension.
• Transfusions with heparinized blood maintained blood acid-base balance within normal physiological limits.
• Significant acid-base disturbances were observed with citrated blood.

Conclusions:

• Citrated blood transfusions can induce significant acid-base disturbances.
• Heparinized blood appears to be safer for maintaining acid-base homeostasis during transfusion.
• Caution is advised with rapid, massive citrated blood transfusions in anesthetized patients.